Engine-priming device.



J. L. PARK ES. ENGINE PRIMING DEVICE.

APPLKIATION FILED NOV. 4, 1912.

V Patented Dec. 7, 1915.

2 SHEETS-SHEET I 1.1. PABKESI ENGINE PRIMING DEVICE." APPLICATION FILEDNOV. 4 I912.

PaAntedjDec. 7, 191

' ence marked thereon,

JOHN L. PARKES, OF CHICAGO, ILLITVOTS, ASSIGNOR OF BROWN, OF CHICAGO,ILLINOIS.

ONE-HALF '10 ALBERT 0.

EN GINE-IPRIMIN G' DEVICE.

Application filed November 4, 1912. Serial N 0.

To all whom it mag concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN L. PARKES, a citizen of the United States, anda resident of Chicago, Cook county, Illinois, have invented certain newand useful Improvements in Engine-Priming Devices; and I do herebydeclare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description ofthe same, reference being bad to the accompanying drawings, and to thenumbers of referwhich form a part of this specification. Thisinvention'relates to improvements in starting or priming devices forinternal combustion engines, and has particular reference toimprovements in priming devices for gas or gasolene engines.

It is an object of this invention to provide an engine priming device ofsimple construction, consisting of but few parts, and adapted toautomatically and posltlvely close the passage connecting the supply ofpriming fluidv with the engine, when the device is not in use, and to bearranged or mounted in a number of diflerent relative positions.

It is a further object of this invention to provide a priming device forhydrocarbon engines, which can be easily and quickly installed, andwhich carries within itself the supply of priming fluid.

It i also an object of this invention to provide a manually operablepump, particularly adaptedfor forcing the priming fluid from .the supplyreservoir to the engine, which shall be of simple construction, andwhich shall carry within itself a positive shut off cock automaticallyclosed when not in use, and which is so associated with a supply vesselof priming fluid removably secured thereto, that the whole presents acompact and neat appearance, which can be easily and quickly installedfor use.

The invention consists in a priming device for internal combustionengines. embracing a combined pump and shut off cock associated with asupply of startingfluid and connected to deliver hydro-carbon to theengine.

The invention further consists in a pump of simple construction, havinginlet and discharge passages connecting with its base, and having itsplunger formed to positively close said passages when the pump is not inoperation.

Specification of Letters Patent.

- p, iming fluid Patented Dec. 7, 1915.

The invention further consists-in a manually operable pump associatedwith a supply reservoir of hydro-carbon or other priming fluid,removablysecured thereto, the plunger of the pump being adapted toclose, at one limit of its movement, the 'nlet and outlet passages ofthe pump.

The invention further consists in a manually operable pump combined witha supply reservoir adapted to contain priming fluid, the pump andreservoir being adapted to be associated in different relations for thepurpose of arranging the device so that it can be suitably mounted indifferent positions.

he invention further consists in the association of mechanisms and inthe features of construction, and the arrangement of parts whereby theabove and other objects are attained, as hereinafter described, and particularly pointed out in the claims.

In the drawings: Figure 1 is a side elevation of an automobile engineand associated parts, and illustrates the installation of the deviceembodying my invention, same. Fig. 2 is an enlarged vertical centralsection of the pump and associated reservoir. Fig. 3 is a side reservoirin position on the pump. Fig. 4 1s a side elevation of the reservoir anda portion of the pump illustrating two relative positions in which thepump and reservoir can be placed. Fig. 5 is a side elevation ranged inhorizontal instead of vertical position. Fig. 6 is a side elevation ofthe reservoir and a portion of the pump showing a modified form ofreservoir retainer. Fig. 7 is a horizontal. section on line 7 of Fig. 6.Fig. 8 is an enlarged horizontal section on line 8 of Fig. 1, showing amethod of connecting the delivery pipe to the inlet manifold of theengine. Fig. 9 is a vertical section on line 99 of Fig. 8. Fig. 10 is adiagrammatic view illustrating a method of placing the pipe connec ionimposition to secure it to the manifold of an engine. Fig. 11illustrates a modification of my invention in which the priming fluid ispumped direct from the supply pipe.

s shown in the drawings: In starting automobile engines it isdesirableto supply a suflicient Quantity of gasor cylinder without 7 fre inject a' small quantity of starting or upon theelevation showing a'method of supporting the showing the pump ar-.

fluid to the undue Waste, and I there-.

into the inlet manifold of the conical 0 engine at such a point that thefluid will beinstalled with the least amount of labor, and

furthermore, as the intake manifolds are usually maderof cast metal, itis necessary to drill or make an opening therein through which to insertthe supply pipe, and I have deviseda unique pipe connection onlyfacilitates the installation of the device, but further acts to directthe starting fluid within the manifold in the direction which willmaterially assist in causing the primary fiuid to enter the-cylinders.

In said drawings A represents an automobile engine installed in positionand provided with an inlet manifold B.

C represents generally, the combined pump and reservoir, which isconnected to the manifold 13 by means of the pipe D.

As shown in Figs. 1 and 2, the pump 2, is arranged in vertical positionand the reservoir 3, is mounted upon the lower end of the pump anddepends therefrom. The device itself is mounted upon the dashboard 4, ofthe automobile by means of a suitable clamping bracket 5. The pump 2,comprises a cyl-- inder 2 within which is mounted a hollow plunger 2",which projects from the upper end of the cylinder 2, having upon itsupper or outer end an enlarged handpiece 5, by means of which theplunger can be operated Within the cylinder. The upper end of thecylinder is closed by means of a suitable adjustable packing 6, whichelfectually prevents the escape of any fluid at this end of the pump.The cylinder of the pump is mounted at its lower end upon a base memher7 which is provided with a central conical cavity 8, adapted to receivea similarly shaped head 9, provided upon the lower or inner end of thepump plunger 2". This base 7, is provided with two substantiallyidentical nozzles 10 and 11, projecting therefrom and arranged, one insubstantial axial alinement with the pump cylinder and the otherarranged to project substantially at right angles thereto. Theprojection 10, is provided with a central passage 12, which opens at itsinner end into the base of the ening 8 and the nozzle 11, is providedwith a similar central passage 13, opening through the side wall of theconical opening 8. The head 9, of the pump plunger is conformed to theconical opening 8, with a valve fit so that when the pump plunger isforced to the lower limit of its movement and the head 9 is seated inthe conical opening 8, in the manner of a coniwhich not cal stop cook,it effectually prevents the flow of liquid from the inlet opening 12, tothe outlet opening 13 or vice versa.

The body 3, of the reservoir 3, is made of glass or any other suitablematerial, and is provided with a metal cover 14. The cover is secured toplug 15, adapted to be mounted in a threaded opening 16, provided in theprojecting nozzle 10, and in direct communication with the inlet passage12. As shown, the plug 15,

reservoir, are provided with engaging screw that the glass reservoir canthreads 21, so be readily removed from the pump for cleaning andfilling.

A bail 22, is pivotally mounted on the base 7 of the pump in position tosurround the reservoir and bear upon its lower end and thereby preventthe unscrewing of the reservoir 3, from the cover 14. The center of thepivotal connection of the bail with the base is arranged at theintersection of the center line of the two nozzles 10 and 11, and thesenozzles are equal in length from this intersection. The pump is made inthis manner so that the reservoir can be interchangeably mounted uponthe nozzle 10, as-shown in Figs. 1 and 2, or upon the nozzle 11, asshown in dotted lines in Fig. 1, and in full lines in Fig. 5, the bail22, serving with equal efficiency to prevent the removal of thereservoir in either of its positions. prises a flat strip'of springmetal bent into U form and having its ends arranged for properconnection to the base 7. When in its normal position it bears upon thelower end of the glass reservoir and thus prevents it from becomingloosened. The bail is of such shape that it can be readily lengthened toa sufficient extent to permit it to be rotated on its pivots to free itfrom the glass reservoir for the purpose of permitting the removal ofthe reservoir, and for this purpose the sides 23, of the bail are bowed,as clearly illustrated in Fig. 3.

It is obvious from the construction described that the bail may beremoved from contact with the glass reservoir by pressing the sidemembers 23, of the bail toward each other, thereby permitting the bailto 'be swung free of the reservoir.

The nozzle 11, as shown in Fig. 2, receives the pump by means of a screwThe hail com-' a screw threaded connection 24, which carries a checkvalve, similar to the valve 17, mounted in the connection 15, and servesto prevent the return of the starting fluid which has been forced out ofthe pump 3, into the pump cylinder and force it through the pipe D, tothe engine, and that when the pump is not in use, if the plunger isforced to the inner limit of its movement, it will effectually preventthe return of the starting fluid from the pipe D, into the pump or intothe reservoir 3. To prevent the possibility of the plunger not beingreturned to the inner limit of its movement, a light spiralcompression-spring 25, is provided, which is mounted within the cylinder2" of the pump and is adapted to bear at its inner end upon the upperend of the head 9, consequently the plunger 2 will be aut0- maticallyreturned by the spring 25, to the Y inner limit of its movementregardless of the position in which the operator leaves the plunger. Asmall relief passage 26, is provided through the plunger head 9, whichopens to its end through the inner end of the head 9, and .at its otherend opens into the vpump cylinder 2. The relief passage 26,

serves two purposes, it prevents the possible accumulation of fluidabove the head 9,

which might prevent the easy operation of the pump and it further servesto permit the outflow of liquid from beneath the plunger into thecylinder when the plunger is forced to the lower limit of its movement.If the liquid was not-released from beneath the head 9, it might serveto prevent the final seating of the head in the conical opening 8.

In order that the device can be easily and conveniently installed inconnection with automobile engines, a unique pipe connec- -tion E, isprovided by means of which the pipe D, can be connected to the manifoldB. As shown the connection E, comprises a screw 'thread pipe nipple 30,adapted for convenient connection at one end with the pipe D, and whichhas pivotally mounted on its other end a cross bar member 31, which hasa cross section of U-form and may be ar ranged within the manifold B, inlongitudinal position as indicated in dotted lines in Fig. 1, and asalso shown in Fig. 8. The cross bar member in such position serves tobreak up and direct the flow of priming fluid from the nipple 30longitudinally of the manifold B, directing it toward the cylinders ofthe engine. The cross bar 31. is mounted upon the inner end of thenipple by 'means of a Divot pin arranged somewhat nearer one end of thecross bar than the other. In mounting this connection l), in a manifold,a hole 33, is provided in the 1nanifold; in proper position to receivethe cpnnectl'on, and as clearly illustrated in Fig; 110, when theconnection is entered through the small discharge openings 36, therein,which are arranged to emit the starting fluid longitudinally of theU-shaped cross bar 31, toward both ends thereof. For the purpose ofmaking a tight joint between the connection E, and. the manifold, acurved metallic Washer 37, is provided, and beneath the Washer isprovided a soft Washer 38, made of asbestos or other suitable material.As shown, the metallic washer 37, is curved substantially tothecurvature of themanifold so that when pressed against the soft Washer38, by the nut 34, it will serve to make a tight joint betweenthe nippleand the outer surface of the manifold. Fig. 6 illustrates a modificationof the device for holding the reservoir 3, in place. This device issimilar to the bail 22, in that it is similarly pivoted to the base ofthe pump, but instead of being carried completely around the bottom ofthe reservoir, it is provided with a resilient clasp member 39, which isadapted to clasp the body of the reservoir. Said clasping member 39, issecured to the side bars 23, of the bail, which, as shown in Fig. 7, isU shaped, and is adapted to be sprung over the cylindrical body of thereceptacle and clasp it with suflicient pressure to prevent it frombecoming loosened from the screw cap 14.

Fig. 5. shows the device C,installed on a dash board 4, with the pumpcylinder arranged in horizontal position instead of in verticalposition, as illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2, and when arranged for suchinstalla-' tion the reservoir 3, is changed from the lower end of thepump, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2, to the side connection 11, andobviously the two ball check valves which serve to prevent the return ofthe starting fluid from the pipe I), to the reservoir 3, are alsoreversed in position. The only change in the construction of the pumpforthe installation shown in Fig. 5, is that clamp 40, is of slightlydifferent form from the holding clamp 5, shown in Figs. 1 and 2.

The operation is as follows: In using my device the reservoir 3, havingbeen "supplied with starting fluid and the device having been installedin position, it is only necessary to actuate the plunger 2 outwardlv andinwardly, each outward stroke drawing liquid from the reservoir andeach, inward stroke forcing the liquid from the, pump loo cylinder intothe manifold of the engine and distributing it longitudinally therein.It is obvious that instead of providing the pump with a small individualreservoir carried thereby, the intake 19, could be extended to someother source of supply of starting fluid such as thesupply pipe X. Thereare, however, certain advantages to be gained by the use of theindividual reservoir arranged in position to be conveniently inspected.In the first place it is convenient with the use .of such a reservoir touse a more volatile fluid for starting the engine than is provided forits fuel supply. This feature is convenient particularly for startingengines in cold Weather, asthe gasolene which is ordinarily used at thepresent time is not likely to be of such a quality that it can bevolatilized easily enough to start the engine without delay. Anotheradvantage is that the amount of starting fluid which the re ceptaclecontains can be easily seen at any time. The pump having been operatedto discharge the priming fluid from the reservoir into the manifold ofthe engine, it is not necessary to manually operate any valves for thepurpose of shutting off completely the connection between the reservoirand the manifold as the spring 25 automatically forces the plunger 2 tothe lower limitof its movement seating the head 9, in the conicalopening 8, and completely shutting off connection as hereinbeforedescribed.

It should be understood that in the use of a device of this character, apositive shut off valve is an essential element for the reason thatafter the engine has been started the suction of the cylinders upon theinlet inani- .fold of the engine will be transmitted to the auxiliaryreservoir through the connecting pipes. Should this action be permittedthe liquid fuel would be drawn through the ump into the manifold and:would seriously disturb the action of the engine. The automatic closingof the positive shut off valve in my device relieves the operator of anynecessity of manually closing the connection between the auxiliarysupply and the engine,-as he is assured that once he has primed theengine and released the pump plunger no further fuel can enter the inletmanifold from the auxiliary supply.

/Vhile my invention is particularly adapted for use upon an automobile,it will be obvious that it is not limited to the production of a primingdevice for this particular use, and furthermore, while I have shown mydevice as being provided with a reservoir attached to the pump, itwillbe equally obvious that the function of-the device, in so far as itrelates to the forcing of a starting fluid into the manifold of anengine, can be performed with equal facility by connecting the pumpdirectly or indirectly to a larger supply of gasolene or other startingfluid,

'As it is obvious that many modifications,

of my invention will readily suggest themselves to one skilled in theart, I do'not purpose limiting the patent issued upon this applicationfor patent otherwise than necessitated'by the prior art.

I claim as my invention: 1. In a priming device for internalcom-.bustion engines a pump casing, a piston movable therein, a springacting to nor- 'mally return said piston to one end of said casing,passages through said piston for permitting a flow of fuel therethrough,

similarly constructed inlet and outlet noz-.

zles arranged at right angles to one another on the lower end of saidpump casing, a plpe adapted to be connected to one of said nozzles andto the manifold of an engine, a reservoir for fuel adapted to beconnected to the otherof said nozzles, said pipe and reservoirinterchangeable on said respectivenozzles, and a pivoted resilient bailmember attached to said pump casing and adapted to engage around saidreservoir to assist in maintaining the same associated with said pumpcasing.

2. In a device for forcing priming fluid into an internal combustionengine, a pump, a priming-fluid-containing reservoir removably mountedon the pump, communicationbetwecn the reservoir and the engine,saidcommunication including the .pump cylinder, a plunger operable in'thepump cylin-. cler to draw liquid from the reservoir in to force itinto the engine, a conical head at its inner end adapted to seat at onelimit of its movement in a conforming opening in the base of the pumpand thereby positively to close the communication between the res ervoirand the engine, and a relief-passage' extending through said conicalhead and adapted to permit vthe outflow of. liquid from beneath the headinto the cylinder when said head is forced to its lower limit ofmovement.

3. In a device for forcing a combustible fluid into an internalcombustion engine, a manually operable pump, a pipe connecting thecylinder of the pump to a source of supply of the fluid, a second pipeconnecting the cylinder of the pump with'the engine,

the base of the pump having a conical opening communicating with theinterior of the pump enter, a plunger operable within-the pnm and havinga conical head at its inner en adapted to be seated insaid conicalopening and thereby shut off communication between the sourceof supplyof fluid and the engine.

and into which both of said pipes' 4. A compound pump and shutoff valvecomprising a pump. cylinder having in its base a conical shaped opening,an inlet and .the conical wall,

an outlet pipe entering the pump in its base, one pipe at least thereofentering through a plunger projecting through the upper end of the pumpcylinder, and a conical head on the inner end of the plunger adapted tobe seated in the conical opening to prevent the flow of fluid betweenthe inlet and. the outlet openings.

5. In a priming device of the class described the combination with apump, a piston movable therein. a spring acting normally to return saidpiston to one end of sai pump, a plurality of similarly constructednozzles at one end of said pump, a supply reservoir and an outlet pipeadapted to be interchangeably connected upon said nozzles, means havingthreaded engagement with said reser oir for supporting the sameconnected to said pump, and a pivoted resilient bail adapted to engagearound said reservoir when connected upon either one of said nozzles toassist in maintaining the same in position. I

6. A manually operable reciprocating pump comprising a pump cylinderhaving a valve seat in its base, a pump plunger adapted to bereoiprocated in the cylinder of the pump and having a fixed valve head Ipump plunger operable therein,

. end closed by -and a supply reservoir, comprising at its inner end.conforming to said seat and adapted to be seated therein when moved tothe inner limit and outlet passages entering said valve seat adapted tobe closed when the valve head is seated therein.

7. A manually operable fluid pump comprising a pump cylinder and pumpplunger operable therein, said cylinder having one means of a conicalvalve seat forming an extension of the cylinder, at fluid passageentering the cylinder through the conical ivall of the seat, and aconical head on the inner end of the plunger adapted to close saidpassage when the head is forced into said conical openin 8. A manuallyoperabfe fluid'pump comprising a pump cylinder and a pump plungeroperable therein, said cylinder having one end closed by means of aconical valve seat, formingan extension of the cylinder, a fluid passageentering the cylinder through the conical wall of the seat, a conicalhead on the inner end of the plunger adapted to close said passage whenthe head is forced into said conical opening, a spring within saidcylinder adapted to force the plunger to the inner limit of itsmovement.

9. In a priming device for-internal combustion engines, a pump cylinderhaving a base being formed to interchangeably re ceive 'and hold areservoir in two relative positions to adapt the pump cylinder to beplaced either vertically or horizontally.

-10. A combined manually operable pump a pump of its movement, supplythe pump the base of the pump, an open topped receptacle adapted to bescrewed into said cap and a spring receptacle and to 12. A manuallycombination with reservoir having retain it in position.

a removable fluid supply a screw threaded connection to the pump andmeans carried by the pump adapted for frictionally engaging thereceptacle to prevent its retrograde movement.

13. A manually operable pump, in combination with a supply reservoiradapted to be removably mounted thereon, a resilient U shaped bailpivotally mounted on the pump adapted to engage the bottom of thereservoir with a yielding pressure and means for lengthening the bail toremove it from contact With the reservoir.

14. A manually operable pump, in combination with a reservoir adapted tobe? removably mounted thereon, said pumpand reservoir having mutuallyengaging threadedportions, and a U shaped bail of spring metal pivotallyconnected to the pump adapted to engage the bottom of the reservoir andthereby prevent the reservoir from retrograde movement, the sidesvof thebail being bowed outwardly, thereby adapting the bail to be-lengthenedWhen the sides of the bail are pressed inwardly.

15. In a reciprocating inder having a conical valve seat in its base, afluid supply passage entering said base through the bottom of said seatand con necting the cylinder of said pump with a supply of liquid, acheck valve in said passage adapted to prevent the return of the liquidfrom the pump cylinder to the supply reservoir, :1 pump plungerreciprocatable in said cylinder, a conical head onthe inner end of saidplunger conforming to said seat and adapted to be forced into the seat,and

a relief passage in said head at one end bail adapted to embrace the pup, a p P-y operable fluid pump, in

to project the fluid the nipple longitudinally otally mounted upon oneend of the nipple, the inner end of the nipple being capped or closedand provided with a plurality of oppositely disposed outlet openingsadapted from the inner end of through the U shaped cross bar in oppositedirections, means carried by the opposite end of nipple for connecting apipe thereto, and adjustable means carried by the nipple for removablyclamping the connection to an inlet manifold.

17. A pipe connection adapted to connect a fluid pump to an inletmanifold of an internal combustion engine comprising a threaded tube, aU shaped cross bar pivotally attached to one end of the tube, said endof the tube being closed and provided the With oppositely disposedoutlet openings adapted When the cross bar is arranged at right anglesto the nip le to permit the inlet of gas to the manifol the opposite endof the nipple being adapted to be connected by means of a pipe to thepump, and adjustable means carried by the nipple for clamping the nipplein position on the cross bar against thereof.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto subscribed my name in the presenceof two subscribing Witnesses.

JOHN L. PARKES.

the inner surface Witnesses:

CHARLES W. HILLS, J12, GEORGE R. MOORE.

the manifold With-

